10.25% JM Financial NCD Issue Nov 2018 – Should you invest

JM Financial NCD NOV 2018 Offering 10.25%  issue details and recommendation
It is raining NCDs in India, after DHFL, Indiabulls, Tata Housing, Shriram transport and Manappuram, JM Financial has joined the group. To add, this is the second tranche for JM Financial, the company in the first tranche raised Rs 750 crore in June 2018. The proposed secured NCD offered by JM Financial Credit Solutions has come when Real estate market has started crying foul on the tight liquidity situation of NCD. The NCDs hit the street tomorrow, November 20, 2018 with a face value of Rs 1,000 each.
The base size of the issue is Rs 250 crore with an option to retain over-subscription of up to Rs 1,000 crore, aggregating to Rs 1,250 crore. With a credit rating of AA by ICRA and IND Rating

About JM Financial Credit Solutions
JM Financial Credit Solutions Limited provides wholesale credit to developers at various stages in the life cycle of a real estate project. It provides commercial real estate funding solutions, such as loan against ready property, construction funding, lending towards land acquisition, and structured deals against residential projects that are located in Mumbai, Pune, Bengaluru, Chennai, NCR, Hyderabad, and Kolkata. The company also offers investment banking and securities services; and alternative asset management services, which include managing private equity funds and real estate funds, as well as mutual funds. JM Financial Credit Solutions Limited was formerly known as FICS Consultancy (Bloomberg newswire)


About the issue – The issue opens on 20th November and closes on 20th December. The proceeds of the NCD issue likely to go towards the liquidity starved real estate sector for various projects at various stages by Real estate Developers. The face value of the NCD is Rs. 1000 and the minimum subscription is for  10 bonds. Interest rates payable at monthly/ quarterly/ semi-annually/annually the coupn rate vary between 9.8-10%.

The objects of the NCD Public Issue.
1) For the purpose of onward lending, financing, and for repayment /prepayment of interest and principal of existing borrowings of the Company.
2) For General Corporate purpose.

Recommendation  – While the interest rate is on the higher side,  rating agencies haven’t given it a AAA rating. Individual investor who has a risk appetite, and who are at tax bracket of 20% and above can subscribe to it. This  NCD is secured by Assets.
What is NCD?
NCD is a fixed income instrument Apart from taking bank loans Corporates, NBFCs raise money through issuing debentures. It is a financial instrument issued by corporates to support their business needs. There are two type of debentures, convertible debentures and non-convertible debenture. Convertible debentures are unsecured bonds and can be converted into equities or stocks at a future date as specified by the issuer.
NCD is financial instrument used for taking loan from the financial market. It cannot be converted into equity shares of the issuer in a future date, hence it offers higher interest rate. The NCD offers atleast 1.5 – 2% higher interest than any fixed deposit by a reputed bank and company deposits. NCDs come in both secured and unsecure form, secured #NCDs are backed by assets. Unsecured NCDs entails higher risk.
Added Edge
1. What makes it more attractive is, in the falling interest regime, the bond prices may surge, hence the value of the funds.
2. No TDS deducted on the demat form of investment (physical form does)

Points for the new investors
1. Once you come to know about a new NCD offer, check with your stock broker for online application.
2. Like any other IPO, it has a NCD comes with opening and closing dates
3. NCD offers coupon rate. Coupon rate is the interest rate paid on a bond by its issuer for the term of the security. For example, if a NCD issue comes with a face value of Rs. 100 and coupon rate 10%, the interest earned will be Rs. 10 per annum. However, in the tenure if the NAV price falls or surge, it will have no impact on the interest pay out, it will continue as Rs. 10 per year throughout the tenure. Hence, coupon rate is fixed on the offer price and continue through maturity 
4. Check for the credit rating allotted by #ICRA, #CRISIL, #CARE (triple A rating Suggest good financial health of the issuer, double A may give higher coupon rate, triple A ensures safety of your capital)
5. NCDs are also traded on stock exchanges. Apart from the new offers, investors can also buy exiting NCDs through stock exchanges, however, one need to be double careful and seek guidance from financial planner.  
6. Interests are generally paid through direct credit, RTGS, ECS and NEFT mode. It may offer monthly/ quarterly/ annually/ cumulative options.
7. Tax – The investment is taxed at short term (less than a year) and long term (debt investment more than a year are taxed at 10%) depending on the holding period. The interest will be taxed as per the tax bracket of the investor.
8. This is as liquid as a bank fixed deposit. However, there is no penalty fee for pre-mature withdrawal of this investment
9. Additional Features – Some NCD public issues offer special rate of interest to Senior citizens or to shareholder.
Pros
1. It’s #liquidity is as good as any fixed deposit in bank, which has a specific tenure but can be withdrawn any time. However, FD may charge a penalty fee on interest accrued.. but incase of NCD, there is no penalty.
2. If it is compared with company fixed deposit, company deposits (a popular instrument in the senior citizen segment with 0.25- 0.50% extra interest)comes with various conditions for pre-mature withdrawal, for eg – lock-in periods, penalties etc.
3. NCDs come with Rating from #ICRA #CRISIL #IndiaRatings #CARE which gives a clarity to the investor on the risk involved, higher the rating, lower is the risk (AAA being the highest category, followed by AA, A, A-, BBB and so on)
4. Incase of bankruptcy, NCD holders get preference over shareholders

Cons
1. Incase interest rate increase, the value of the NCD may fall, sometimes even below the Face Value. 
2. Though, the instrument can be traded on the exchanges, one may not find a buyer for NCDs if the trade volumes on bourses are low.

How safe is your fixed deposit in India?

The banking sector has been a roller-coaster ride for a while now! After losing 1.3 lakh crore market cap, Banks saw a sharp recovery in the stock performances of about 50% in 2016-17. While the stock market is always a bumpy roller coaster, Indian society of conservative saver, thought Bank to be the safe haven for keeping their wealth.
While capital markets volatility is always under scrutiny, nobody really questioned the sovereignty of the banks. In last decade, banks have come out with a major issue of NPA (where the companies and entities after taking loans, have stopped paying interest and (or) the principal, has turned into a bad asset for banks) and raising substantial capital to comply with Basel III norms. Many public sector Banks struggling with the pressure are taking the route of the merger to cope with the situations. While private players look comparatively well placed, many co-operative banks are coming under scrutiny because of their regional structure and lack of governance systems.
From news “In March, RBI imposed restrictions on Mumbai-based Kapol Co-operative Bank whose depositors were allowed to withdraw only up to Rs 3,000 of the total balance held in every saving bank or current account or any other deposit account, irrespective of the balance.
Every depositor is entitled to receive only up to a monetary ceiling of Rs 1 lakh, of his/her deposits from DICGC

Some facts we don’t know- 

  • Incase Bank faces a closure or cancellation of license, you are exposed to risk of losing entire money above Rs. 1 lakh (Insured by DICGC), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
  • All bank deposits including Fixed deposits, recurring deposits, saving and current account deposits are insured only up to 1 Lakh per account per bank
  • The DICGC is liable to pay the account holder within two months of claim receipt
  • Deposits in different banks are covered separately by DICGC
  • The insurance premium is paid entirely by the bank
Though public sector banks come with government backing, it is not immune to the challenges.    
In Global Context
In western countries, fixed deposits in banks are well insured. Hence, the bank can go bust but the deposits are much safe than Indian counterparts. Indian banks have a very low coverage of Rs 1 lac. Canada has protection for bank accounts and the Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation offer covers till $100,000


What you can you do?


  • Choose big public/private sector banks – They are cash rich and comparatively safe
  • Don’t choose FDs which offer much higher return than peers. This is a signal of risk
  • You can choose liquid funds and short-term debt funds, they mostly invest in government bonds(risk-free), and high-quality corporate bonds.  They offer higher interest income as well. 
India needs a better insurance cover for fixed deposits.
http://www.mymoneystreets.com/2017/05/buy-Sovereign-Gold-Bonds-SGB-on-secondary-market.html?m=1
How safe is your fixed deposit in India?  How safe is your fixed deposit in India?

Sovereign Gold Bonds, SGB, Have you missed buying? No worries.. you have chance to buy it better

*Buy SGB on secondary market through your trading account
Gold, the Godly metal of Indian household, are nowadays available in fancy formats to woo the prospering Indians. Since the economy watchdogs kept repeating the perils of buying the physical format, the rush for paper gold nd electronic gold has become a statement. While GoldBEES (GOLD ETF) is here around for sometime, Indian Government has taken a bold step by introducing Sovereign Gold Bonds, which is issued periodically with an attractive interest rate payout attached to it.
The first two tranches of the SGB offered 2.75% taxable interest on the investment beginning September 2015, the third issue onwards it remained stable at 2.5% half-yearly or as they call it semi-annually. But what if you have missed the issues due to lack f cash crunch, indecisiveness or merely being lazy, you still have a chance. Not only chance to buy, but also to decide which one of the 7 listed bonds currently available in the list. 

Plan your life-goals with the new age ULIP!

Yes, that is absolutely true. You can choose the SGB Bonds listed on BSE/NSE from your stock broker, even better if you have a trading account. The bonds which come with 8 years of maturity, can be bought on the trading app with few clicks, now at reduced time period (as the maturity date is pre-decided). So, if you buy Sep 2015 SGB, the maturity stands at 2023 which is about 5 years and few months, much less than 8 years maturity. And, guess what, if you stay invested till maturity you will be exempted from paying any capital gain tax. Moreover, you earn 2.75% interest on each unit based on the issue price. 
Looks like a win-win situation for the new investors, as because of volatile markets, Gold prices have come down and many of these SGB is trading below their offer prices. Hence buying below offer price means better interest income (better yield). I am not fond of investing in Gold and recommend investing a maximum of 8-10% of total portfolio, but for somebody who likes the divine metal, it makes a smart choice to invest in SGB through the secondary market.

5 ways they sell you wrong financial products

*LTCG in Gold is applicable as debt instruments
*Selling SGB in secondary market will attract as per tax laws
*Tax-exemption benefit is available for only holding until maturity
*The volume of SGB is not very high in secondary market, difficult to trade in large quantity
* 1 unit of SGB is equal to 1 gm of Gold
* The price of SGB OF different tranche varies in trades, though having same underlying asset

What is Payments bank? Let us see how AIRTEL Payments Bank work

what are the features? what you can and cannot do at payments bank!

A #Payments bank is a bank where you can deposit money, earn interest on it, use it for remittance services, Payments, transfer, net-banking and third party transfer. However, Payments banks cannot give out loans, issue credit cards. The maximum amount deposit is capped at Rs. 1 lakh.

The main objective of launching these banks is to reach out to the maximum population without much infrastructure requirements, with help of technology. These banks are beneficial for small businesses, low-income households and places where the full-service banks are not present or unable to address the needs of the low-income or small business owners, migrant workforce etc. With this initiative, RBI aims at reaching the remotest areas of the country. For ease of use and stay away from ambiguity, RBI has made it mandatory to use “Payments Bank” mandatorily in the name. As per RBI guidelines, Payments Banks must of 25% of its branches in the un-banked rural area.
Payments Banks work very well in the rural India, complementing government initiatives of financial inclusion. It will empower those citizens who have only transacted in cash, to head towards formal banking.

Presently, we have Airtel Payments Bank and soon PayTM is launching PayTM Payments Bank and IndiaPost Payment Bank.  
As Airtel Payments Bank is already functioning, let us just have a glimpse of what it offer?

 

You have to enter your Aadhaar No. to get started.

Then the page takes you o register your PAN details, annual income and profession

Then next page you have to fill in the nominee details

It takes you to page – Banking points near you
Features
1. An account can be opened with Rs. 100, can deposit upto Rs. 1,00,000. No charges on cash deposits, in case of cash withdrawal,
2. Customers can withdraw money as low as Rs. 10
3. Fee for withdrawal is Rs. 5-25, if the amount is between Rs10 and Rs4,000
4. 7.25% interest on savings account
5. Free accident insurance worth 1 lakh
6. Can be used for mobile recharge, sending money, paying utilities bill, pay in shop etc
7. Intra-bank transfer within Airtel Paymentss Bank via Internet banking, mobile app or USSD is free
Freebies along with it
1. 15% cash back on CCD
2. 5% Extra cash back on Apollo Pharmacy

Convinience come with some charges – 
1. Withdrawal charges for customers have to pay Rs5-25 for withdrawal of Rs10 to Rs4,000
2. Customers have to pay 0.65% of the withdrawal amount above Rs4,000, for withdrawing Rs. 10,000, customer needs to pay Rs. 65.
3. Digital transfer of money from Airtel Bank to other bank will charge 0.5%

      4. Intra bank transfer to Airtel Payments Bank using bank point – 0.5% 
      5. Money transfer from Airtel Payment Bank to any other bank using bank point  1%
      6. Account closure charges Rs. 50

What you can’t do with Payments Bank?
1. No credit card
2. Cant avail loan
3. No deposits over Rs. 1 lakh

4. NRI deposits will not be accepted.

Is it Indian PSU banks, who will bleed the streets? Just a thought!

 #Banking in India will be the next Boom n Bust story??

#Stock market fall is an effect and not a cause! What happens when there is too much of excitement and attention to one sector/industry/company/ business idea? everybody starts appreciating, following, taking extra effort to get into the scheme of things etc.. untill there is a there is a peak and BOOM! And a sharp slope slides down n BUST! and a parallel line leveling the fields and world moves on towards a new exciting subject. In financial market or the larger context of economy, it is extremely evident.

Strangely we all keep looking back at history all the time, yet fail to gauge the impending risks. Time and again it repeats itself, we all educated investors close our eyes and follow whatever the markets leads us to.

In the world history of economic crisis, since 13th century, 2/3rd of the crisis started at bank failures or debt crisis, barring a few which were due to trade deficits, industrial revolutions and a few wars. The amazing fact remains that though there were so many debt driven crisis in last 8 centuries, we just don’t stop repeating ourselves.

Yes we do try. By creating central banks, but, sovereign debts fail too. We have credit rating agencies, then happens the SUBPRIME CRISIS.

Then come more regulations, more tightening by the central banks! Banks seem to become victims of these regulations and the business targets and margins as well. Then the greed takes over bankers race to aggresive lending to stretch the balance sheets.

The recent developments in the Indian Banking sector is alarming, a little better than what it was two years back though. Two important parameters of performance is leaving the especially the PSU banks high and dry! would they survive?

1. The Basel III norms – a very difficult set of guidelines set by the central bank on capital adequacy to brace for crisis, is an extreme stressful for banks. Banks of India have been issuing the Perpetual Bonds to meet tier I capitalas per Basel norms. coupon rrates of few bonds have been as high as 11%. With no maturity dates ateacher on thad a bones,  could easily become a excess burden of interest payout as interest rate continues to fall.

2. Greed of bankers to inflate the balance sheets – Mounting NPAs caused by disbursing loans to less credit worthy entities is showing signs of failures, unending restructure and failure to get adequate risk cover through collateral.

Thanks to the watchdogs of Indian financial sector, it may not just do a Boom n bust and averted a crisis just in time! but an area to trade carefully. just a thought!

Fixed Income funds should be part of your portfolio

Economic Times reported today, that fixed income schemes losing sheen, find here how quietly a category “credit opportunities fund” is replacing the other debt funds as a investment option and debt mutual fund schemes remains attractive. We will discuss the topic in this post.

As usual, once the redemption pressure comes, suddenly a hot cake fund/ category becomes stale and out dated, same thing is happening with the fixed income fund category. Before making these odd judgments with half knowledge, we must look at what prompted the outflow, take away and the opportunities ahead.

Key take away
1. Unlike equity mutual funds, where we talk about SIP and staying invested for a long term, debt funds/fixed income funds considered for short -medium term and the funds see an upsurge in returns in the falling interest rate scenario.

2.Series of rate cuts by #RBI over last 2 years, the long term debt funds, medium term short term debt funds saw big upswing, giving investors handsome returns, and the chances for further rate cuts may not be aggressive as last few quarters hence it’s wise to book profits. And wise investors did so.

3. There is no panic situation in the debt fund category just because guilt funds, long term debt funds saw redemption. Investors are parking their money in credit opportunities fund (category – you can find in moneycontrol. Mutual funds section)

What is credit opportunities funds? Why should I invest? 

Credit opportunities fund is a category within the fixed income funds, investing in high credit quality corporate bonds by mostly non financial companies which offer higher returns compared to the g-sec, tax free bonds, government entities.
A good mutual fund company with a strong compliance team would invest in companies with high credit rating papers ntssuch as AAA or AA, will ensure asset backing for the debt. These funds also come in brackets of short term, long term category depending on the tenor of the debt investments,there are about 57 credit opportunities funds in the list however with a basic research would easily guide is on which tenor funds we should look at this point in time.

Mutual funds companies like ICICI PRU, Franklin Templeton, DSP BR are my personal favorites because of their meticulous processes. Don’t go by past returns of the funds, higher returns could also mean higher risks fund manager might have taken deviating from the mandate and could lead to extreme volatility in returns.

By no mean I am saying put all your cash in this instrument, every instrument comes with its own set of risks, so do corporate debts. These debts run higher credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk. All I am saying is debt funds are not a high and dry category and investors can look at allocating some portion of their investments in these funds to see some upside compared to bank FDs.

Check the list of funds for reference-

http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/mutual-funds/performance-tracker/returns/credit-opportunities-funds.html&ei=3r0p83CD&lc=en-IN&s=1&m=970&host=www.google.co.in&ts=1476723583&sig=AF9NedkoAQaVyGxfhovCj-LhqrxO8Mscbg

SREI Infra NCD issue – Good buy for investors with moderate risk and lower tax bracket

#SREI Infra Finance issue of secured NCD of Rs. 250 Crore with an option of retaining upto Rs. 1000 Cr.  to be launched on Sep 7, closing on sep 29, 2016.  
About the company – #SREI Infrastructure Finance Ltd, is a RBI registered non-deposit taking NBFC. Classified as an “Infrastructure Finance Company” in the year 2011 by RBI. The company was originally incorporated in New Delhi on March 29, 1985 by the name Shri Radha Krishna Export Industries Limited with the Registrar of Companies, Delhi & Haryana, in accordance with the Companies Act 1956 as a Public Limited Company, to undertake lease and hire purchase financing, bill discounting and manufacture and export of certain goods. Company’s name was changed to Srei International Limited on May 29, 1992 and further changed to Srei International Finance Limited with effect from April 12, 1994. The name of the Company was further changed from Srei International Finance Limited to its existing name Srei Infrastructure Finance Limited on August 31, 2004. Company is registered as a Non-Banking Financial Company within the meaning of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
About the issue
From liquidity crunch to overflow, the market has seen a major shift of sentiment in past 6 months. The equity IPOs to Bond issues investors are lapping it up all.
After an overwhelming response of two tranches of DHFL Secured NCD issues, SREI is next on the block. SREI’s base issue at Rs. 250 crore, may retain up to 1000 crore with green-shoe option
Features in details –
Issue open and close – Opens on 7th September 2016, closes on 28th September 2016, however, the allotment is on first cum first served basis and the company may close issue on oversubscription within a day or two as well.
The NCD Bond – SREI is offering NCDs which are backed by security/assets. Hencce, the capital investment is secured by SREI, incase of non-payment/ non-liquidity invesors has the right on liquidating the secured asset to recover the cost.
Tenor – 400 days, 3 years and 5 years
Annual yield – Upto 10%, depending on tenor and interest payout option
Face value – Rs. 1000/ unit
Minimum and maximum investment –  The minimum application amount is Rs. 10,000 collectively across all options on NCDs and in multiples of One (1) NCD after the minimum application.
Categories of Invstors and allotment ratio – 
Category I – Rs. 200 crore
Category II – Rs. 200 crore
Category III – Individual & HUF Investors – Rs. 600 crore
NRIs, QFIs and foreign nationals cannot invest in this issue.
                                               
Credit Rating – SREI has received an AA+ from BWR, which s second highest rating after AAA, making it a safe investment option. This issue has received one notch better than last Secured NCD issue of last year which was at  AA.
Format  – Investors can hold both in physical or demat format, demat is not mandatory.
Listing – will be listed on both exchanges – BSE and NSE
Trading – Allowed from the first day, no lock-in period
Taxation – Though the dematerialised NCDs don’t attract TDS, the investment will taxed at short term (less than a year) and long term (debt investment more than a year are taxed at 10%) depending on the holding period. The interest will be taxed as per the tax bracket of the investor.
Series
I**
II#
III***
IV**
V#
VI
VII**
Frequency of Interest Payment
Cumulative
Monthly
Annual
Cumulative
Monthly
Annual
Cumulative
Minimum Application
Rs. 10000 (10 NCDs)
Face Value/ issue price
Rs. 1000/-
In multiples of
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
1000 (1NCD)
Tenor
400 days
3years
5 years
Coupon per annum
NA
9.35%
9.75%
NA
9.6%
10%
NA
Effective Yield (per annum) for Category I, Category II & Category III Investor(s)
9.08%
9.76%
9.82%
9.75%
10.02%
10.04
10.00%
Mode of Interest Payment
Multiple mode
Amount (` / NCD) on Maturity for Category I, Category II & Category III Investor(s) **
Rs. 1100
Rs. 1000
Rs. 1000
Rs. 1322
Rs. 1000
Rs. 1000
Rs. 1611
                                                             
Application Form for SREI Infra NCDs – Click here
Financial Health of the company – Annual Results Consolidated Figures in Rs. Crores / View Standalone
Mar-13
Mar-14
Mar-15
Mar-16
TTM
Sales
3,188.74
3,235.17
3,339.32
3,234.14
3543.88
Expenses
518.89
521.11
696.54
629.96
945.64
Operating Profit
2,669.85
2,714.06
2,642.78
2,604.18
2598.24
OPM
83.73
83.89
79.14
80.52
74.7
Other Income
25.8
25.19
21.24
27.8
49.29
Interest
2,139.25
2,350.28
2,274.15
2,310.75
2278.94
Depreciation
193.62
163.35
201.43
215.29
225.66
Profit before tax
362.78
225.62
188.44
105.94
142.93
Tax
102.71
88.11
67.04
44.41
51.31
Net Profit
263.18
138.51
129.11
72.52
100.77
EPS (unadj)
5.14
2.67
2.46
1.34
Dividend Payout
15.88
18.18
19.49
34.69
Compounded Sales Growth:
Compounded Profit Growth:
10 Years:
25.49%
10 Years:
-2.15%
5 Years:
14.66%
5 Years:
-17.86%
3 Years:
0.47%
3 Years:
-36.30%
TTM:
10.78%
TTM:
13.93%
*data – www.screener.in
After a difficult period of three years, company has seen a upward trend in last one year. The balance sheet and P&L sheet reflects the same.
Should you invest in #SREI secured Non-Convertible Bonds? 
It is a good debt investment  option with high yield and attractive tenor spread of 400 days, 3 years and 5 years. #NCDs are being offered by reputed infra-finance company, having a minimum investment requirement of Rs. 10, 000. The NCDs are secured, backed by assets, which means incase of default/ non-payment, assets can be liquidated to repay the debts.
The #coupon rate across segment is expected to be just above 1.5- 2 % from any bank FDs at this point of time. While a bank FD is offering 7.5% interest on yearly deposit, 400 days option is giving a good 1.5% extra return. Also, after a rough patch, the financial health of the company has improved thus interest payment ability. Brickworks has given it a thumbs up by giving it notch higher Rating of AA+ in the latest issue.
A person with moderate risk profile can invest a part of fixed income portfolio in this issue. Person in lower tax bracket will get to see higher return.


Risks in this issue – 
·         NBFC Business is particularly vulnerable to volatility in interest rates
·         SREI is in infrastructure sector, which has seen lull for over five years
·         Any increase in the levels of non-performing assets in loan portfolio, for any reason whatsoever, would adversely affect the business, results of operations and financial condition   
·         SREI derive majority/substantial of our revenues from our top 20 borrowers. Inability to maintain relationship with such borrower or any default and non-payment in future or credit losses of our single borrower or group exposure where they have a substantial exposure could materially and adversely affect business, future financial performance and results of operations

Investing in corporate bonds – A good debt investment option available for Indian investors

Debt Secondary market remains an unexplored category for Indian investors, though it is very popular globally. This post attempts to highlight few basics about bond investments
Fixed income like #Bonds, #NCDs remains least talked about subject, amongst the indian individual investors. Investors can invest in the primary market and stay put till maturity, as well as trade like equity/ shares. Infact, news reports indicates, bonds have yielded higher return compare to #Nifty or sensex in last one year.  There are two types of bonds traded in the debt market, Government securities (G-sec) and corporate bonds (Tax free bonds, NCD etc). G-Sec are considered to be the safest option with maturity ranging from 91 days (ultra short term) to 30 years (long term).
Corporate bonds are issued by banks, NBFC and corporates involve higher risks compared to G-secs, however they offer higher return comparatively.
When we talk about debt instruments (bonds, NCDs, CDs etc.) we come across terms like coupon rate, annual yield, yield to maturity etc. Let’s understand what is yield and how it is related to coupon rate and bond prices. Yield is annual return on the investment indicating in percentage term.

Analysing Bond investments in two scenarios – 1. Primary market 2. Secondary market. 

Primary market clearly defines that investors enter when the issue opens by the corporate.
For Example – In Primary market, a bond issued with face value – 100, Coupon rate 10%, minimum investment of 10 bonds, chosing annual payout option, Tenor 10 Years . Here the market value of the bonds will remain at Rs. 100 till the maturity. The yield to maturity(YTM) will be 10% = coupon rate since market value is the same as face value. Final payout will be bond price + interest accrued.

Secondary market –  Apart from the new bond issues, there are existing bonds in the market with higher yield, which investors can look at, but one need to understand that the two markets work differently and yield may vary significantly.The secondary market signifies trading in the already listed bonds.
Yield to maturity for secondary market investors – Case 1 – Bond traded at discount
Once the bond is listed on the exchanges, the bond prices fluctuate depending on the asking prices and volumes on the said trading day. The asking price of a bond move based on demand, supply and interest rate cycle. However, future payouts are pre-determined. Suppose, a bond is issued at a face value of Rs.100/-, with a coupon rate of 10% yearly, somebody invests Rs. 10,000 in the issue, the yearly interest payout remains at Rs. 1000 for the rest of the tenure. Incase, the bond prices fall to Rs. 90, still the coupon payout will be Rs. 10. So, now the same bond will be available at 9000 Rs. And, will still be able to fetch annual return of Rs. 1000, as the coupon payments on the bonds remain the same, so the annual return (or annual yield) is 11.1%.
In this scenario, the current bond price<issue price. Hence, it can be called as “discount”. One, who is investing in this situation, will get higher coupon pay out, i.e. higher yield. It may happen in the higher interest rate cycle, (the interest rate moves upward).   

Yield to maturity for secondary market investors – Case 2 – Bond traded at premium
In exactly opposite scenario, if the interest rates fall post the bond issue, the interest of the buyers increases the exiting bonds available in the secondary market, as they offer higher coupon rate, however, the buyer may need to pay premium as the askprice of the existing bonds with higher coupon rate move upwards due to increased demand. Now, if the bond price increases to Rs. 110, for 10,000 investment, coupon payout remains at 1000, and on the current NAV, the value of the investment will be 100*110 = 11000. This is a win-win situation for the primary market investor. However, in the secondary market, the coupon pay-out remains at Rs. 1000, against the bond price of Rs. 110. Hence the new investor is getting 9.09% interest pay-out, lesser than the coupon offered in the issue. If current bond price> issue price, it is said the bonds are sold at premium
Incase, there is no change in the ask price than the issue price, it is known as at par value(face value).

In the secondary market, yield-to-maturity includes coupon payment and the additional gain (bought at discount) or loss (if bought at a premium).

The points to be noted –
1. During the rising interest rate environment, investors can take advantage of the discount on the bond price, and enjoy the high yield as the coupon payout (interest payment) remains the same on lower cost of investment.
2. During the falling interest rate regime, the early investors can look at entering existing bonds with high yield option to capture a good yield, it may attract premium.
3. The liquidity in the instrument in the secondary market plays an important role. Size of the issue, investor interest, maturity date etc plays important role in the volumes. If the volumes are not adequate, one may need to wait or pay a premium.   
4. In secondary market, the bonds carry risks on interest rate,liquidity, credit and market risks
For trading in bond market you need to have a demat account. Please contact your share broker.  
You may check Investing answers YTM calculator to find approximate yield to maturity when you buy on secondary market.

DHFL NCDs issue – should or shouldn’t buy – NCD review

View: Neutral NCD issue review
DHFL NCD Issue opens on Aug 3, 2016, closes on August 16, 2016
Should or should not buy? What to look at? Is it safe? Will it give high returns? What are the risk involved?
About the company – #DHFL, is a deposit-taking housing finance company registered with the NHB and focused on providing financing products for the #LMI (Lower Middle Income) segment in India primarily in Tier II and Tier III cities and towns since 1984. They are known for providing secured finance primarily to individuals, partnership firms and companies for the purchase, self-construction, improvement and extension of homes, new and resalable flats, commercial properties and land. They also provide certain categories of non-housing loans including loans for commercial property, medical equipment, and for plant and machinery.

About the issue

DHFL, NCD issue opens on August 3, 2016, a public issue of secured redeemable #Non-Convertible Debentures (“NCD”) of face value of Rs. 1,000 each aggregating up to Rs. 4,000 crore. The Issue is scheduled to close on August 16, 2016, with an option of early closure or extension as decided by the Board of Directors of our Company (“Board”) or the Finance Committee.

The NCDs received the highest credit rating ‘CARE AAA (Triple A)’ by Credit Analysis and Research Limited (“CARE”) BWR AAA (Pronounced as BWR Triple A) by Brickwork Ratings India Private Limited (“Brickwork”). The rating of CARE AAA by CARE and BWR AAA, Outlook: Stable by Brickwork indicates that instruments with this rating are considered to have the highest degree of safety regarding timely servicing of financial obligations signifying the instrument carries lowest credit risk.
·         The minimum application amount is Rs. 10,000 collectively across all options on NCDs and in multiples of One (1) NCD after the minimum application. Maximum limit of a retail investor is Rs. 10 lakh.
·         Allotment is on a first-come-first-serve basis (except on the date of oversubscription, if any, when all the investors applying on the said date will get allotment on a proportionate basis).
·         Investors have an option to apply for NCDs in dematerialized as well as physical form
·         Category IV Investors (Retail Individual Investors) are defined as Resident Indian individuals and HUFs allowing investment upto 10 lakh
·         Investors can apply through ASBA, the NCDs are available both in physical and Demat format
Issue Structure
The issue is divided into 10 series depending on the tenure of the series and coupon payment. And divided into 4 categories – category I, II, III, IV.
  •  Interest on Application Money is at 8.00% p.a. and Interest on Refunded Money is at 6.00% p.a
  • Tenure of the NCDs are 3, 5 and 10
  • Coupon payment options – monthly, quarterly and annually
  • The interest payout metho includes NEFT, RTGS, Direct debit
  • Floor rate on interest rate for all categories is 8.90% and cap on interest rate for all categories is 9.50%.
  • Series X is a Consumer Price Index (CPI) linked instrument (Floating Rate Instrument) has a tenor of 3 years and the Coupon Rate for Category I & II investors is currently 9.10% (Reference CPI + 4.08%); and that for Category III and Category IV investors is currently 9.20% (Reference CPI + 4.18%). 12 month average for the period before the record date (currently at 5.02%; Source http://mospi.nic.in.  

Allotment is first come first served basis
Issue size and allocation
QIB: Rs. 800 Crore
Corp: Rs. Rs. 800 Crore
HNI: Rs. 1200 crore
Individual: 1200 crore
Total : 4000 crore
Interest rate:
For individuals
9.20% p.a for 3 years
9.25% p.a for 5 years
9.30% p.a for 10 years
For Non-individual
9.10% p.a for 3 years
9.10% p.a for 5 years
9.10% p.a for 10 years
#NRI investors cannot invest in this issue
My Take – #NCDs are being offered by reputed housing finance player, having a minimum investment requirement of Rs. 10, 000. The NCDs are secured, backed by assets, which means incase of default/ non-payment, assets can be liquidated to repay the debts. Credit rating agencies CARE and BWR has awarded highest credit ratings, suggesting lowest risk involved.  So, safety score is high for the principle amount.
Now let us look at the interest rate and coupon payment scenario. The #coupon rate across segment is expected to be just above 1.5- 2 % from any bank FDs at this point of time. Though the dematerialised NCDs don’t attract TDS, the investment will taxed at short term (less than a year) and long term (debt investment more than a year are taxed at 10%) depending on the holding period. The interest will be taxed as per the tax bracket of the investor. So, with a high tax bracket investor (20-30%) won’t be benefited much, as the return will be almost similar to Bank FDs.
However, interest rate movement can be a game changer in this investment. Apart from the coupon payment, capital appreciation on principal is possible incase interest rates soften during the tenure of the NCDs. The interest rate and bond prices move in opposite direction and one can sell it at a profit, instead of holding on till maturity. The scenario exactly can become opposite in case of rising interest environment, the prices of the instrument may fall sometimes even below the face value in some rare cases. For the investors in lower tax bracket, instrument offers higher interest rate than bank with minimum risk, may also enjoy capital appreciation incase interest rates fall.

General Risks –
  •         #DHFL’s Business is particularly vulnerable to volatility in interest rates
  •     Any increase in the levels of non-performing assets in loan portfolio, for any reason whatsoever, would adversely affect the business, results of operations and financial condition
  •     Any downgrade in their credit ratings may increase interest rates for refinancing their outstanding debt, which would increase their financing costs, and adversely affect our future issuances of debt and our ability to borrow on a competitive basis.


What is NCD and what makes it so attractive as an investment instrument

What is NCD and what makes it so attractive

NCD is a fixed income instrument Apart from taking bank loans Corporates, NBFCs raise money through issuing debentures. It is a financial instrument issued by corporates to support their business needs. There are two type of debentures, convertible debentures and non-convertible debenture. Convertible debentures are unsecured bonds and can be converted into equities or stocks at a future date as specified by the issuer.

NCD is financial instrument used for taking loan from the financial market. It cannot be converted into equity shares of the issuer in a future date, hence it offers higher interest rate. The NCD offers atleast 1.5 – 2% higher interest than any fixed deposit by a reputed bank and company deposits. NCDs come in both secured and unsecure form, secured #NCDs are backed by assets. Unsecured NCDs entails higher risk.

Added Edge
1. What makes it more attractive is, in the falling interest regime, the bond prices may surge, hence the value of the funds.
2. No TDS deducted on the demat form of investment (physical form does)

Points for the new investors
1. Once you come to know about a new NCD offer, check with your stock broker for online application.
2. Like any other IPO, it has a NCD comes with opening and closing dates
3. NCD offers coupon rate. Coupon rate is the interest rate paid on a bond by its issuer for the term of the security. For example, if a NCD issue comes with a face value of Rs. 100 and coupon rate 10%, the interest earned will be Rs. 10 per annum. However, in the tenure if the NAV price falls or surge, it will have no impact on the interest pay out, it will continue as Rs. 10 per year throughout the tenure. Hence, coupon rate is fixed on the offer price and continue through maturity 
4. Check for the credit rating allotted by #ICRA, #CRISIL, #CARE (triple A rating Suggest good financial health of the issuer, double A may give higher coupon rate, triple A ensures safety of your capital)
5. NCDs are also traded on stock exchanges. Apart from the new offers, investors can also buy exiting NCDs through stock exchanges, however, one need to be double careful and seek guidance from financial planner.  
6. Interests are generally paid through direct credit, RTGS, ECS and NEFT mode. It may offer monthly/ quarterly/ annually/ cumulative options.
7. Tax – The investment is taxed at short term (less than a year) and long term (debt investment more than a year are taxed at 10%) depending on the holding period. The interest will be taxed as per the tax bracket of the investor.
8. This is as liquid as a bank fixed deposit. However, there is no penalty fee for pre-mature withdrawal of this investment
9. Additional Features – Some NCD public issues offer special rate of interest to Senior citizens or to shareholder.

Pros

1. It’s #liquidity is as good as any fixed deposit in bank, which has a specific tenure but can be withdrawn any time. However, FD may charge a penalty fee on interest accrued.. but incase of NCD, there is no penalty.
2. If it is compared with company fixed deposit, company deposits (a popular instrument in the senior citizen segment with 0.25- 0.50% extra interest)comes with various conditions for pre-mature withdrawal, for eg – lock-in periods, penalties etc.
3. NCDs come with Rating from #ICRA #CRISIL #IndiaRatings #CARE which gives a clarity to the investor on the risk involved, higher the rating, lower is the risk (AAA being the highest category, followed by AA, A, A-, BBB and so on)
4. Incase of bankruptcy, NCD holders get preference over shareholders

Cons
1. Incase interest rate increase, the value of the NCD may fall, sometimes even below the Face Value.

2. Though, the instrument can be traded on the exchanges, one may not find a buyer for NCDs if the trade volumes on bourses are low.

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